WEBVTT 00:00:03.680 --> 00:00:07.850 War with Troy: The Story of Achilles 00:00:07.850 --> 00:00:12.680 Told by Daniel Morden and Hugh Lupton. 00:00:12.680 --> 00:00:19.810 Episode 6: Greek on Greek - Wounded Pride 00:00:19.810 --> 00:00:37.930 [Opening music] 00:00:37.930 --> 00:00:44.960 Inside their city, the Trojans waited for the Greeks to give up and sail home. 00:00:44.960 --> 00:00:53.170 In their camp, the Greeks waited for the Trojans to emerge so that they could sack this city. 00:00:53.170 --> 00:00:57.280 Whole years went by without a single battle. 00:00:57.280 --> 00:01:02.660 The Greeks in their camp became restless, impatient. 00:01:02.660 --> 00:01:08.850 Old, stupid rivalries began to rear their heads among the many Greek kings. 00:01:08.850 --> 00:01:11.320 The high king of the whole camp, 00:01:11.320 --> 00:01:14.280 the high king of all of Greece, Agamemnon, 00:01:14.280 --> 00:01:15.500 became worried. 00:01:15.500 --> 00:01:21.380 He could see that soon this camp would become a kind of war. 00:01:21.380 --> 00:01:24.500 The biggest threat of all, of course, 00:01:24.500 --> 00:01:27.180 came from the swift-runner, 00:01:27.180 --> 00:01:29.780 the son of Peleus and Thetis, 00:01:29.780 --> 00:01:31.160 Achilles. 00:01:31.160 --> 00:01:35.460 This was not a man who enjoyed waiting. 00:01:35.460 --> 00:01:40.500 This was a man who loved to hunt, to fight, to kill. 00:01:40.500 --> 00:01:43.720 He prowled around the camp like a caged beast, 00:01:43.720 --> 00:01:48.940 staring, glaring at anyone who dared even to look at him. 00:01:48.940 --> 00:01:51.610 Agamemnon had an idea. 00:01:51.610 --> 00:01:58.600 He ordered the swift-runner Achilles to set off in a ship and sail up and down the coast, 00:01:58.600 --> 00:02:02.440 attacking anywhere known to be sympathetic to the Trojans. 00:02:02.440 --> 00:02:06.230 In this way, Achilles was away for years, 00:02:06.230 --> 00:02:14.690 attacking, sacking, looting, burning anywhere that nurtured men and women. 00:02:14.690 --> 00:02:18.000 When finally he returned to the Greek camp, 00:02:18.000 --> 00:02:21.220 what a hoard he brought with him! 00:02:21.220 --> 00:02:32.300 Gold, jewels, weapons, tools, food, wine and slaves. 00:02:32.300 --> 00:02:34.270 Among the slaves, 00:02:34.270 --> 00:02:37.840 the high King Agamemnon saw a woman – 00:02:37.840 --> 00:02:41.100 a daughter of a priest of Apollo. 00:02:41.100 --> 00:02:43.760 As soon as Agamemnon saw her, 00:02:43.760 --> 00:02:46.270 he wanted her for himself. 00:02:46.270 --> 00:02:50.130 He wanted her for his bed. 00:02:50.130 --> 00:02:52.930 And so he took her. 00:02:52.930 --> 00:02:54.800 Among the slaves, 00:02:54.800 --> 00:02:59.690 the only one who was a match for this daughter of a priest of Apollo, 00:02:59.690 --> 00:03:03.640 was a woman named Briseis. 00:03:03.640 --> 00:03:06.200 Agamemnon, with great ceremony, 00:03:06.200 --> 00:03:15.210 gave this Briseis to Achilles to thank him for all the things that he had done during his voyage, 00:03:15.210 --> 00:03:22.270 as though that voyage had brought glory onto the Greeks instead of shame. 00:03:22.270 --> 00:03:26.210 But, up above, 00:03:26.210 --> 00:03:32.310 Trojan-loving Apollo was watching and listening. 00:03:32.310 --> 00:03:37.830 These Greeks, first they attack and besiege his favourite city, 00:03:37.830 --> 00:03:39.680 then they slaughter its children, 00:03:39.680 --> 00:03:44.560 and now they enslave the daughter of his loyal priest! 00:03:44.560 --> 00:03:47.920 The lord of light, the mighty archer, 00:03:47.920 --> 00:03:52.340 has many awful ways to punish men and women. 00:03:52.340 --> 00:03:56.430 By night, under cover of darkness, 00:03:56.430 --> 00:04:09.960 he sent into the Greek camp tens, hundreds, thousands, tens of thousands of silky, grey backs – 00:04:09.960 --> 00:04:12.130 field mice – 00:04:12.130 --> 00:04:17.610 that brought with them a sickness that thrived on the pools of filthy water, 00:04:17.610 --> 00:04:23.700 the heaps of stinking rubbish that had gathered in the Greek camp over the years. 00:04:23.700 --> 00:04:30.690 The first the Greeks knew of it was when the stray dogs of the camp died one by one. 00:04:30.690 --> 00:04:37.330 Then goats, mules, horses began to die. 00:04:37.330 --> 00:04:40.880 And then men. 00:04:40.880 --> 00:04:47.370 It was an awful sight to see a man with whom you’d risked your life wither away, 00:04:47.370 --> 00:04:52.260 age whole years across a single day, and die. 00:04:52.260 --> 00:04:55.620 The plague prowled through the camp for months. 00:04:55.620 --> 00:04:59.780 Eventually Achilles called a meeting in the gathering place. 00:04:59.780 --> 00:05:00.290 He said, 00:05:00.290 --> 00:05:08.220 “Look, wherever I turn I can see rising into the sky the smoke of funeral pyres. 00:05:08.220 --> 00:05:10.090 There is, among our number, 00:05:10.090 --> 00:05:16.620 one who can understand the moods of the gods and goddesses by the patterns the birds make as they fly through the sky. 00:05:16.620 --> 00:05:20.420 We have a prophet, a seer, a wise man: 00:05:20.420 --> 00:05:24.550 far-sighted Calchas should speak.” 00:05:24.550 --> 00:05:28.180 Old Calchas winced. 00:05:28.180 --> 00:05:30.120 He said, 00:05:30.120 --> 00:05:32.760 “Swift-runner Achilles, 00:05:32.760 --> 00:05:45.440 please, promise me your protection before I explain the source of this plague because the bearer of bad news is never welcome and my words will bring upon me the anger of the powerful.” 00:05:45.440 --> 00:05:48.490 Achilles nodded. 00:05:48.490 --> 00:05:51.060 Old Calchas said, 00:05:51.060 --> 00:05:55.730 “This plague has been sent by the lord of light. 00:05:55.730 --> 00:06:00.520 Apollo is furious with us because our high king, Agamemnon, 00:06:00.520 --> 00:06:04.640 has taken to his bed a daughter of Apollo’s loyal priest. 00:06:04.640 --> 00:06:06.830 Until that woman is set free, 00:06:06.830 --> 00:06:12.000 every day will see more dead.” 00:06:12.000 --> 00:06:13.820 “Old man,” 00:06:13.820 --> 00:06:15.840 said Agamemnon, 00:06:15.840 --> 00:06:18.660 “would good news burn your tongue? 00:06:18.660 --> 00:06:21.130 Never a prophecy of victory for me – 00:06:21.130 --> 00:06:23.130 only more bad news, 00:06:23.130 --> 00:06:26.480 heaped upon the one who pays for your food! 00:06:26.480 --> 00:06:27.940 I love this woman, 00:06:27.940 --> 00:06:29.570 this daughter of a priest of Apollo. 00:06:29.570 --> 00:06:31.780 I love her as dearly as I love my own wife, 00:06:31.780 --> 00:06:33.570 Clytemnestra, so far away. 00:06:33.570 --> 00:06:36.760 But, since I value the well-being of my subjects – 00:06:36.760 --> 00:06:37.910 you, my armies – 00:06:37.910 --> 00:06:40.780 more than I do my own peace of mind, 00:06:40.780 --> 00:06:42.590 I will let this woman go. 00:06:42.590 --> 00:06:45.160 I’ll let her go tomorrow, with gold, 00:06:45.160 --> 00:06:47.170 in one of my ships. 00:06:47.170 --> 00:06:49.960 However, this means that I, 00:06:49.960 --> 00:06:51.350 your high king, 00:06:51.350 --> 00:06:54.410 am to go without the treasures of Achilles’ voyage. 00:06:54.410 --> 00:06:55.780 That is unthinkable! 00:06:55.780 --> 00:06:57.080 If I’m to let this woman go, 00:06:57.080 --> 00:06:59.160 I want one in return!” 00:06:59.160 --> 00:07:01.740 “From where?” said Achilles. 00:07:01.740 --> 00:07:03.920 “There are no slaves left to be shared out. 00:07:03.920 --> 00:07:06.000 You, of all of us, know that. 00:07:06.000 --> 00:07:12.960 When Troy falls you’ll be given three or four slaves to make up for the one you let go today.” 00:07:12.960 --> 00:07:15.670 “Why, thank you,” 00:07:15.670 --> 00:07:17.450 said Agamemnon. 00:07:17.450 --> 00:07:23.140 “But I seem to remember that I am the high king of this army and not you. 00:07:23.140 --> 00:07:26.140 You are just another prince under my command. 00:07:26.140 --> 00:07:29.170 Your good opinion of me means nothing to me! 00:07:29.170 --> 00:07:33.280 But since you’re so keen to make up for my loss, 00:07:33.280 --> 00:07:35.420 I will take a slave from you. 00:07:35.420 --> 00:07:36.660 Yes! 00:07:36.660 --> 00:07:38.620 Yes, that Briseis. 00:07:38.620 --> 00:07:41.030 I gave her to you when you returned to this camp. 00:07:41.030 --> 00:07:42.520 I take her now. 00:07:42.520 --> 00:07:46.100 She is mine now!” 00:07:46.100 --> 00:07:49.510 Achilles took a little step forward then. 00:07:49.510 --> 00:07:51.290 He felt a hand on his shoulder. 00:07:51.290 --> 00:07:52.240 He looked behind him. 00:07:52.240 --> 00:07:54.970 There was his best friend Patroclus, 00:07:54.970 --> 00:07:57.330 shaking his head. 00:07:57.330 --> 00:08:00.720 Achilles stepped back. 00:08:00.720 --> 00:08:03.470 Were it not for the hand of his friend, 00:08:03.470 --> 00:08:04.950 Achilles would have jumped, 00:08:04.950 --> 00:08:07.960 beaten the high King Agamemnon to the ground, 00:08:07.960 --> 00:08:14.570 torn off his shiny breastplate and scooped his beating heart out of his chest. 00:08:14.570 --> 00:08:16.320 “Take her!” 00:08:16.320 --> 00:08:17.700 said Achilles, 00:08:17.700 --> 00:08:24.060 “But this means the son of Peleus and Thetis will not fight for you again. 00:08:24.060 --> 00:08:28.210 No oath binds me to the protection of Helen. 00:08:28.210 --> 00:08:35.380 I was not one of those kings who stood on the severed limbs of a stallion and swore to protect her years ago. 00:08:35.380 --> 00:08:38.780 And yet I have fought for you for years. 00:08:38.780 --> 00:08:42.010 I’ve waded through fields of blood. 00:08:42.010 --> 00:08:43.400 And for what? 00:08:43.400 --> 00:08:45.780 So that when finally I find a woman, 00:08:45.780 --> 00:08:47.240 you can take her from me? 00:08:47.240 --> 00:08:48.830 Well, I will not fight for you again, 00:08:48.830 --> 00:08:51.510 not if you beg me!” 00:08:51.510 --> 00:08:53.160 “Good!” said Agamemnon. 00:08:53.160 --> 00:08:54.980 “Go, leave this place. 00:08:54.980 --> 00:08:56.600 By tomorrow you’d be forgotten. 00:08:56.600 --> 00:09:00.390 Just some stupid boy who’s not man enough to take a command. 00:09:00.390 --> 00:09:02.080 You are not a warrior. 00:09:02.080 --> 00:09:06.460 Why the lowliest soldier in the shabbiest squad in this army knows, 00:09:06.460 --> 00:09:08.660 to win this war, he must obey me. 00:09:08.660 --> 00:09:10.790 He must obey his king. 00:09:10.790 --> 00:09:13.580 You are a monster. 00:09:13.580 --> 00:09:19.290 I have never seen such delight in the eyes of one when he took the life of another. 00:09:19.290 --> 00:09:22.660 This army, my camp is better off without you!” 00:09:22.660 --> 00:09:23.750 And he turned and he was gone. 00:09:23.750 --> 00:09:25.030 The crowd was gone in moments, 00:09:25.030 --> 00:09:28.150 leaving only Achilles and Patroclus in their place, 00:09:28.150 --> 00:09:33.350 Achilles shaking with fury. 00:09:33.350 --> 00:09:42.410 And so it was, the next day the daughter of the priest of Apollo was set free. 00:09:42.410 --> 00:09:49.210 She sailed home in one of Agamemnon’s ships with gold. 00:09:49.210 --> 00:09:51.840 As soon as she reached her homeland, 00:09:51.840 --> 00:09:54.380 the plague in the Greek camp ended. 00:09:54.380 --> 00:09:59.520 Apollo turned his glare elsewhere. 00:09:59.520 --> 00:10:04.650 And so it was, two servants were sent across the camp, 00:10:04.650 --> 00:10:07.160 down to where the breakers crash and drag, 00:10:07.160 --> 00:10:08.960 down to Achilles’ hut, 00:10:08.960 --> 00:10:12.250 to demand he give up his slave Briseis. 00:10:12.250 --> 00:10:16.940 They were terrified as they approached his hut but he welcomed them politely. 00:10:16.940 --> 00:10:19.220 He let the woman go readily. 00:10:19.220 --> 00:10:20.970 He embraced her one last time. 00:10:20.970 --> 00:10:28.410 There were tears in their eyes when they parted and then Briseis walked across the camp to Agamemnon’s hut, 00:10:28.410 --> 00:10:32.060 to Agamemnon’s bed. 00:10:32.060 --> 00:10:34.070 That night, 00:10:34.070 --> 00:10:37.560 when the sky was bright with stars, 00:10:37.560 --> 00:10:42.500 the swift-runner Achilles walked to the edge of the ocean, 00:10:42.500 --> 00:10:44.760 waded into the shallows, 00:10:44.760 --> 00:10:46.660 sank to his knees, 00:10:46.660 --> 00:10:51.480 and his face creased into a childish sob. 00:10:51.480 --> 00:10:57.280 Through his tears he saw the shining path made by the moon. 00:10:57.280 --> 00:11:05.090 Down that path walked Thetis. 00:11:05.090 --> 00:11:14.740 “Mother, many’s the time in father’s hall I heard you say that Zeus desired you. 00:11:14.740 --> 00:11:16.850 Go to him now. 00:11:16.850 --> 00:11:20.100 He could make these Greeks taste pain. 00:11:20.100 --> 00:11:22.610 I want blood in the sand! 00:11:22.610 --> 00:11:25.530 I want the ships of this camp burning! 00:11:25.530 --> 00:11:29.590 And then these Greeks will remember that I was out on the battlefield every day, 00:11:29.590 --> 00:11:32.330 cutting off heads with every stroke of my sword, 00:11:32.330 --> 00:11:33.830 while their thorn-hearted, 00:11:33.830 --> 00:11:39.060 dog-faced king cowered behind the palisade.” 00:11:39.060 --> 00:11:42.250 “My dear son,” she said, 00:11:42.250 --> 00:11:45.180 “I can refuse you nothing. 00:11:45.180 --> 00:11:49.300 I will go to Zeus, whose temple is the sky, 00:11:49.300 --> 00:11:52.590 and he will grant your wish. 00:11:52.590 --> 00:11:57.040 Until then, stay by your ships.” 00:11:57.040 --> 00:12:00.900 And she rose up into the heavens. 00:12:00.900 --> 00:12:03.320 She made her way through the clouds, 00:12:03.320 --> 00:12:05.570 high and high and high, 00:12:05.570 --> 00:12:09.100 until she came to the slopes of Mount Olympus, 00:12:09.100 --> 00:12:11.810 and there was Zeus’ palace. 00:12:11.810 --> 00:12:14.140 She ran in through the doors. 00:12:14.140 --> 00:12:17.280 There was Zeus himself, the cloud-compeller, 00:12:17.280 --> 00:12:19.570 sitting on his golden throne. 00:12:19.570 --> 00:12:23.660 Thetis threw herself onto the floor at his feet. 00:12:23.660 --> 00:12:27.710 She curled her left arm over his knees and she said, 00:12:27.710 --> 00:12:33.020 “Great Zeus, if ever I have pleased you in word or in deed, 00:12:33.020 --> 00:12:35.180 listen to me now! 00:12:35.180 --> 00:12:37.330 My son, Achilles, 00:12:37.330 --> 00:12:42.590 has been bitterly insulted by swaggering Agamemnon. 00:12:42.590 --> 00:12:45.140 Agamemnon has taken his woman, 00:12:45.140 --> 00:12:47.170 who he won in warfare. 00:12:47.170 --> 00:12:50.020 He has taken her to his own bed. 00:12:50.020 --> 00:12:53.450 And now my son refuses to fight. 00:12:53.450 --> 00:12:56.020 He will not lift a sword for the Greeks. 00:12:56.020 --> 00:12:58.350 He has retired from the fray. 00:12:58.350 --> 00:13:00.080 Oh great Zeus, 00:13:00.080 --> 00:13:01.330 I beg you, 00:13:01.330 --> 00:13:02.970 teach that swaggering, 00:13:02.970 --> 00:13:07.440 dog-faced Agamemnon how much he needs my son. 00:13:07.440 --> 00:13:11.290 Give the Trojans a tremendous victory. 00:13:11.290 --> 00:13:14.030 May the Greeks wallow in their own gore! 00:13:14.030 --> 00:13:16.820 May they be steeped in their own blood! 00:13:16.820 --> 00:13:22.330 If you grant my wish then bow your head in agreement. 00:13:22.330 --> 00:13:25.060 If you do not bow your head, 00:13:25.060 --> 00:13:28.720 I know that I, of all immortals, 00:13:28.720 --> 00:13:31.310 count for least.” 00:13:31.310 --> 00:13:34.130 And great Zeus listened. 00:13:34.130 --> 00:13:36.600 And he pondered in his heart. 00:13:36.600 --> 00:13:41.580 And then he bowed his head and he said, 00:13:41.580 --> 00:13:44.390 “I grant your wish.” 00:13:44.390 --> 00:13:45.920 And he said, 00:13:45.920 --> 00:13:49.290 “These things I will bring to pass.” 00:13:49.290 --> 00:13:50.920 And he thought 00:13:50.920 --> 00:13:53.710 “In my own way.” 00:13:53.710 --> 00:13:59.650 And Thetis thanked him with all of her heart and then she descended from the heavens. 00:13:59.650 --> 00:14:02.720 And no sooner was she gone than Hera, 00:14:02.720 --> 00:14:05.860 ox-eyed Hera, the queen of heaven, Zeus’ wife, 00:14:05.860 --> 00:14:08.350 and Athene, goddess of war and wisdom, 00:14:08.350 --> 00:14:10.700 came striding into Zeus’ palace. 00:14:10.700 --> 00:14:12.570 And Hera sniffed at the air. 00:14:12.570 --> 00:14:15.030 “I smell fish! 00:14:15.030 --> 00:14:17.690 That sea-nymph Thetis must have been here. 00:14:17.690 --> 00:14:19.460 What did she want?” 00:14:19.460 --> 00:14:20.480 And Zeus said, 00:14:20.480 --> 00:14:25.420 “She asked a favour and I have granted it.” 00:14:25.420 --> 00:14:26.850 And he smiled, 00:14:26.850 --> 00:14:28.490 and he got up to his feet, 00:14:28.490 --> 00:14:37.680 and he made his way out of his palace and he descended from the heavens down and down and down and down to a rocky crag on Mount Ida, 00:14:37.680 --> 00:14:42.260 the great mountain that stretched up behind the city walls of Troy. 00:14:42.260 --> 00:14:48.370 And he sat and he waited until the dawn took her golden throne. 00:14:48.370 --> 00:14:51.380 And he looked down at the city of Troy, 00:14:51.380 --> 00:14:56.030 ringed in stone with its shining diadem of towers. 00:14:56.030 --> 00:15:01.500 And he looked across the plain and the Greek camp and the blue waves of the sea, 00:15:01.500 --> 00:15:05.460 and he lifted his right hand and, in it, 00:15:05.460 --> 00:15:09.510 he was holding a set of golden scales. 00:15:09.510 --> 00:15:11.660 And into one pan of the scales, 00:15:11.660 --> 00:15:15.180 he put the luck of the Greek army; 00:15:15.180 --> 00:15:17.400 and into the other pan of the scales, 00:15:17.400 --> 00:15:21.000 he put the luck of the Trojan army. 00:15:21.000 --> 00:15:30.280 And he held the scales by the centre of the beam and he watched as the Greek luck sank down and down and down, 00:15:30.280 --> 00:15:32.640 towards Hades’ halls. 00:15:32.640 --> 00:15:38.370 And the Trojan luck soared up into the skies. 00:15:38.370 --> 00:16:30.880 [Closing music]